chlorine gas

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Cl

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Br Periodic table General Name, symbol, number chlorine, Cl, 17 Element category Halogen Group, period, block 17, 3, p Appearance pale green gas

Standard atomic weight 35.453(2)?g·mol-1 Electron configuration [Ne] 3s2 3p5 Electrons per shell 2, 8, 7 (Image) Physical properties Phase gas Density (0 °C, 101.325 kPa)

3.2 g/L Melting point 171.6 K

(-101.5 °C, -150.7 °F) Boiling point 239.11 K

(-34.4 °C, -29.27 °F) Critical point 416.9 K, 7.991 MPa Heat of fusion (Cl2) 6.406 kJ·mol-1 Heat of vaporization (Cl2) 20.41 kJ·mol-1 Specific heat capacity (25 °C) (Cl2)

33.949 J·mol-1·K-1 Vapor pressure P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K 128 139 153 170 197 239 Atomic properties Crystal structure orthorhombic Oxidation states -1, +1, +3, +5, +7

(strongly acidic oxide) Electronegativity 3.16 (Pauling scale) Ionization energies

(more) 1st: 1251.2 kJ·mol-1 2nd: 2298 kJ·mol-1 3rd: 3822 kJ·mol-1 Atomic radius 100 pm Atomic radius (calc.) 79 pm Covalent radius 99 pm Van der Waals radius 175 pm Miscellaneous Magnetic ordering nonmagnetic Electrical resistivity (20 °C) > 10 O·m Thermal conductivity (300 K) 8.9x10-3 W·m-1·K-1 Speed of sound (gas, 0 °C) 206 m/s CAS registry number 7782-50-5 Most stable isotopes Main article: Isotopes of chlorine iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 35Cl 75.77% 35Cl is stable with 18 neutrons 36Cl syn 3.01×105 y ß- 0.709 36Ar e - 36S 37Cl 24.23% 37Cl is stable with 20 neutrons References This box: view • talk • edit

Chlorine (IPA: /'kl?ri?n/, from the Greek word '????ó?' (khlôros, meaning 'pale green'), is the chemical element with atomic number 17 and symbol Cl. It is a halogen, found in the periodic table in group 17 (formerly VII, VIIa, or VIIb). As the chloride ion, which is part of common salt and other compounds, it is abundant in nature and necessary to most forms of life, including humans. In its common elemental form (Cl2 or "dichlorine") under standard conditions. Chlorine is a powerful oxidant and is used in bleaching and disinfectants. As a common disinfectant, chlorine compounds are used in swimming pools to keep them clean and sanitary. In the upper atmosphere, chlorine-containing molecules have been implicated in the destruction of the ozone layer. Contents [hide] 1 Characteristics 1.1 Isotopes 1.2 Occurrence 2 History 3 Production 3.1 Gas extraction 3.2 Other methods 3.3 Industrial production 4 Compounds 4.1 Oxidation states 5 Applications and uses 5.1 Production of industrial and consumer products 5.2 Purification and disinfection 5.3 Chemistry 5.4 Use as a weapon 5.5 Chlorine cracking 5.6 Other uses 6 Health effects 7 See also 8 References 9 External links //

Characteristics

At standard temperature and pressure, two chlorine atoms form the diatomic molecule Cl2. This is a pale yellow-green gas that has its distinctive strong smell, the smell of bleach. The bonding between the